Critical Analysis of Edgar Allen Poes The Raven The WritePass Journal

Basic Analysis of Edgar Allen Poes The Raven Presentation Basic Analysis of Edgar Allen Poes The Raven IntroductionReferencesRelated Presentation Edgar Allen Poe, when individuals see his name many consider alarming or melancholy.â He has composed numerous scholarly works that have gone through the ages and become works of art examined everywhere.â The Raven distributed in January of 1845 by The Evening Mirror was the sonnet that raised Poe into artist status. Initially it is said that Poe went to his previous boss a man named Rex Graham and attempted to offer the sonnet to him however was respectfully declined yet given 15 dollars as a basic charity.1 He later offered the sonnet to The American Review which gave him 9 dollars for it yet distributed under an alias Quarles which was an English artist at the time.â It was not until January 29, 1845 that The Evening Mirror gave Poe his popularity and distributed The Raven under his real name.â The sonnet was a moment achievement and set his composing profession soaring.â There was a lot of discussion and conversation about the significance and the imagery of this sonnet once published.â It created a serious ruckus in the abstract community.â Critical assessment was partitioned with regards to this sonnets status yet it has stayed one of the most well known sonnets at any point composed. As a result of the sonnets incredible achievement Poe composed a subsequent paper called The Philosophy of Composition which portrayed the working of The Raven.â He expressed that the sonnet was composed as though it was a numerical problem.â He focused on that the peruser must have the option to peruse the sonnet completely in only one sitting.â He trusted you lost the significance of the sonnet and the peruser on the off chance that they needed to return to it.â They ought to have the option to take it across the board read.â Poe expressed that a sonnet should remain something close to a hundred lines.â The Raven has precisely 108 lines.â This sonnet was really composed backwards.â He composed the third to the last verse first and afterward composed in reverse from there.â He expressed that the impact was resolved first then the entire plot so the web will develop in reverse from that point for a solitary effect.â Poe was an extraordinary devotee that to genuine ly compose anything one should initially have a genuinely extraordinary plot. The imagery in The Raven has been the most discussed. Poes utilization of a raven in his sonnet has consistently been of extraordinary interest.â Many accept he drew from numerous references.â In Norse folklore Odin had two ravens Huginn and Muninn which spoke to however and memory. The book of Genesis describes the raven as a winged animal of sick omen.â According to Hebrew fables, Noah sends a white raven out to check conditions while on the ark.â It discovers that the rising waters are retreating, however doesnt return quickly with the news.â It is rebuffed by being turned dark and compelled to channel on carcass forever.2 As indicated by Adams in Ovidss Metamorphoses, a raven likewise starts as white before Apollo rebuffs it by turning it dark for conveying a message of a darlings unfaithfulness.3â â A ton of his faultfinders accept this is a portion of the history he may have pulled upon when choosing about what sort of winged animal to use.â By picking the raven it made the sonnet progressively dim and extraordinary , particularly when Poe is depicting the condition the youthful sweetheart is sitting in while pining over his lost Lenore.â In The Philosophy of Composition Poe expressed that he had really considered utilizing a parrot for the flying creature however it didn't give the powerful and premonition feeling that the raven would. The ravens just verbally expressed word through the entire sonnet is nevermore.â To give this more force in the sonnet he has the winged creature arrived in a roost on the bust of Pallus.â This speaks to the goddess of wisdom.â He picked this so when the raven expresses the words nevermore it will perhaps give him a quality of insight rather stock and store being the main word he knows and just talks it randomly.â He accepted by utilizing the raven and having it express this single word all through the entire sonnet it made the nevermores considerably more remarkable when spoken in light of the storyteller or youthful keeps an eye on questions.â Each time the storyteller would pose an inquiry the raven essentially addressed nevermore.â He needed to utilize something that would be completely non-thinking so it would have an amazing significance when talking, consequently the utilization of the feathered creature. The sonnet is about a purportedly youngster who is sitting alone on a dull and disheartening December late evening pining over the loss of his one genuine affection Lenore.â He is perusing books of legend to help facilitate the torment of his loss.â It is then that he hears the tapping on the chamber entryway and opens it to discover just vacancy. One can nearly feel the grimness and the solitariness he more likely than not felt being separated from everyone else in his investigation with scarcely a fire left and everything dull around him.â It nearly is letting you think he is totally lost in his own hopelessness from his loss.â Everything is disheartening and dark.â When the raven comes a tapping he from the start is alarmed and afterward begins scrutinizing that perhaps it is something else.â He trusts it could be the villain come to torment him over his loss.â He says the raven is from the evenings plutonian shore or a courier for the afterlife.â When after every request he gives the fledgling it just reacts as nevermore.â At first the nevermore reaction is taken as a senseless winged creature that has just learned just single word and has inadvertently flown from his lord place, yet when the feathered creature really shows up and sits upon the bust of Pallus the youthful storyteller begins to think possibly there is a whole other world to this raven than meets the eye. At the point when the fowl has roosted upon the bust the youngster is hypnotized by his quality and pulls up a chair.â He is currently thrown in the shadow of this strange flying creature and can't leave his spot.â He accepts a wide range of things of this fledgling continually asking about his lost Lenore. Â The flying creature essentially answers nevermore.â This from the outset foments the man however as the sonnet proceeds towards the end he just concedes that his spirit is caught always under the ravens shadow not to be lifted nevermore.â Here is the point at which one can imagine how this is the defining moment where the youthful storyteller has at long last yielded to his bitterness and basically doesnt need to go on any longer without his adored Lenore. The sonnet is really sad.â A youngster has lost the adoration for his life and is basically alone in this world and is experiencing difficulty considering going on without his missed and grieved love. The entire state of mind of this sonnet is very Poe.â Its dim and despairing and alarming no big surprise such a large number of have reproduced it.â Another thing this sonnet is noted for is its graceful structure.â This sonnet was comprised of 18 refrains with 6 lines each.â According to Richard Kopely the meter is trochaic octameter-eight trochaic feet for every line, with each foot having one focused on syllable followed by one unstressed syllable.4â â â Poe guarantees that the sonnet is a blend of octameter acatalectic, heptameter catalectic and tetrameter catalectic.â The rhyme plot is ABCBBB or AA,B,CC,CB,B,B when representing the interior rhyme.5 Another structure that this sonnet utilizes vigorously is alliteration.â Alliteration is the reiteration of consonant sounds in a progression of words.â A model would be, for example, questioning, dreaming dreams.â Edgar Allen Poe was likewise detailed as having an extremely broad jargon. He would ordinarily utilize words that were not normally used.â In The Raven Poe utilized antiquated and graceful language together on the grounds that he thought it was suitable in view of the importance of the poem,â A youthful darling who invests the vast majority of his energy with books of overlooked Lore.â Examples of words he utilized in this sonnet are Seraphim which is a six winged heavenly attendant remaining within the sight of God. Another is Nepenthe which is an elixir utilized by people of old to instigate carelessness or sorrow.â Balm of Gilead is an alleviating treatment made in Palestine. Plutonian the God of the black market in Roman folklore. Poe accepted the utilization of these words just improved the significance he needed to accomplish recorded as a hard copy The Raven.â â The inward expressions of rapping and tapping and snoozing make an inside rhyme that is supposed to be practically melodic and joined with the similar sounding word usage it becomes hypnotic.â Onomatopoeia is likewise utilized all through this poem.â This is words that sound like what they describe.â A model would be in lines 13-18 where stirring is utilized. As referenced before the distribution of The Raven made Edgar Allen Poe and moment success.â Not just was it printed for its huge interest yet in addition parodied.â These appeared everywhere throughout the North.â There were a few ruins to this publication.â Although cherished and revered there were some who basically didn't accept he really composed it.â Some accepted he took it from a Charles Dickens Story named Barnaby Rudge: A Tale of the Riots of Eighty.â The ravens in the two stories are said to shoulder an incredible resemblance.â An unknown essayist is said to have sent in to The Evening Mirror the distribution who printed The Raven and proposed that it was appropriated from a sonnet called The Bird of the Dream by an anonymous author.â They expressed that 18 similitudes between the sonnets existed.â At Poes passing his companion Thomas Chivers asserted that Poes Raven was counterfeited from one of his sonnets and furthermore guaranteed he was the motivatio n for the meter of the poem.â Whatever the case Edgar Allen Poe will consistently be the one credited for the incredible masterpiece.â Many estimate that he composed this sonnet in either 10 days or perhaps 10 years one will never know.â This sonnet didn't bring him much money related achievement yet made him an abstract success.â His companion Elizabeth Barett composed and disclosed to Poe that his raven had made a major sensation over in England.â Many of her companions are overwhelmed with dread while others are by the music the verses appear to show as you read.â

Singapore Essay example -- Politics, Social Control

Would singapore be able to be depicted as far as a Foucauldian ‘disciplinary society’ or a Deleuzian ‘control society’? Deleuze suggested that we are amidst move from Foucault’s ‘society of discipline’ to a ‘society of control’ (1992: 3). Not at all like the ‘disciplinary society’ where subjects progress starting with one ‘moulding’ organization then onto the next (schools, school, plants, workplaces, and so forth.), a ‘control society’ is exemplified by steady regulation (Wise, 2002: 32). As per Rose, control works by affiliating subjects to an assortment of practices which by configuration urge adherence to specific standards in present day liberal social orders (2000: 325). This is the thing that Deleuze implied by a ‘society of control’. Best accepts we have to receive the Deleuzian idea of a ‘control society’ to clarify the social orders developing with reg ards to the expanded observation and system limit allowed by new ICTs (2010: 9). Then again, Hardt and Negri propose this ‘society of control’ is basically an 'increase and speculation of the normalizing devices of disciplinarity', that presently coming to past the foundations that started them and into fluctuating systems (2000: 23). In like manner, Munro trusts Foucault’s disciplinary instrument need refreshing to align it with the limits of current innovations, not supplanting (2000: 693). It is important to recognize oblivious social control and social control according to the establishment, the last being the arranged administration of a mingled human movement (Lianos, 2003: 415). Institutional control is necessary to the particular exercises, is normally bureaucratic, and 'is part both of the method of reasoning and the result of these exercises' (Lianos, 2003: 415). Lianos utilizes the case of... ... Google offers 'free' extra room, alongside different benefits and helpful apparatuses, in return for individual data that it may use to showcase focused on merchandise to its clients (Andrejevic, 2007: 296). Individuals presented their subtleties to Google and Facebook not out of dread or a feeling of obligation, yet so they may appreciate the advantages advertised. In spite of the fact that Singaporeans do esteem their protection, they are happy to present that security in return for budgetary prizes or comfort (Hui et al., 2007: 27). These creators likewise report a developing disgruntlement at the expanding measures of data that sites are requesting. Nonetheless, it was the amount of data mentioned, as opposed to the affectability of the data that had any critical effect on consistence (Hui et al., 2007: 27). This absolutely lines up with the ‘enticement model’ proposed by Whitaker (1999: 141).

A Microeconomic Analysis of Indian Retail Industry Free Essays

string(89) COMPETITION AND RIVALRY Competition is one of the way to accomplish financial efficiency. Current RETAIL MICRO ECONOMICS PROJECT REPORT ABSTRACT The developing number of present day retail outlets in India from one viewpoint and successive deal seasons and discusses underperformance on the other point to a diverse assortment and make us wonder whether the division is on the correct development direction. In this report, as opposed to furnishing with simply the realities, we have attempted to comprehend the advanced retail area from an economist’s perspective and picture its future-whether it is in its extension or constriction stage. Propelled by the rising per-capita earnings and expanded spending on shopper products, present day retail locations are concocting new procedures and plans to open the Pandora box of the undiscovered and disorderly retail division. We will compose a custom exposition test on A Microeconomic Analysis of Indian Retail Industry or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Over the span of the report, we attempt to discover †how the retail segment works, significant guidelines that influence its working and the difficulties that anticipate the division and sum up with our investigation and suggestions. Note: We have utilized where we’ve investigated the circumstance from a smaller scale monetary perspective. Presentation The retail area in India can extensively be named composed and chaotic where the portion of disorderly division is over 93% of the aggregate and incorporates the kirana stores, mother and pop stores and the kind. The sorted out or present day retail division then again catches a simple 7% of the all out piece of the overall industry. Present day retail is characterized as a type of retailing whereby customers can purchase merchandise from a comparative buy condition across more than one physical area and works under three levels: Specialist stores taking into account some specific class of item, for example, footwear, pharma magnificence, food and staple and so forth ordered under level I. Departmental stores that take into account a couple of classifications of retail put under level II, and shopping centers where we discover an agglomeration of numerous departmental stores, hypermarkets and so on †grouped under level III retail. The figure 1 beneath shows the different players at various degrees of retail. Retail locations can likewise be grouped under ‘lifestyle’, ‘value’ and ‘luxury’ designs dependent on the customer salary section they target. Figure : Players working at various levels Figure: Organized Retail Although, the area gloats of covering practically all the verticals, a gander at the business sectors under various verticals shows that Organized Retail Penetration is very low †2. 4 percent †for the food and staple, which interestingly compensates for the greatest piece of the all out retail showcase. The array, foot wear and home stylistic theme are the significant givers under composed retail and have been thriving at a quick pace. The figures underneath portray the piece of the overall industry and Organized Retail Penetration in various verticals. Figure: Market Share of Different Verticals in Organized Retail Source: CRISIL Figure: Organized retail entrance (%) in various verticals Source: CRISIL Retail nearly represents around 15% of India’s GDP and in this way assumes a significant job in deciding the Indian financial pointers. Sorted out retail turned into the everyone’s absolute favorite when Vishal Mega Mart benefitted from its tasks in various pieces of India. Before long, different players began with their own retail chains, for example, V-Mart, Big Bazaar, Subhiksha, Pantaloons et al and the market transformed into a serious market, most likely bringing down the monetary benefits of the retailers, and thus the circumstance currently is that Vishal, Subhiksha and others stand no place contrasted with the big deal, for example, Reliance, Big Bazaar and others. The significant explanations behind this are the advertising blend of these brands and advantages from economies of scale. In any case, in light of the fact that various elements go into deciding business benefit, it would not be right to give all credit to the previously mentioned factors. Let’s now take a gander at the significant player in sorted out retail in India. Significant PLAYERS The composed retail segment of India has numerous residential corporate houses contending with their endeavors, for example, Tata’s Chroma, Reliance Trends, Reliance Fresh, Futures Pantaloons, RPG so on. Other than these, captivated by the Indian socioeconomics and potential market, worldwide players have entered through joint endeavors with national players and are wanting to vie for the offer through such techniques. Significant players alongside their brands are demonstrated as follows. * Landmark (books and music) * Croma(multi-brand hardware) * World of Titan (watches) * Tanishq (gems) * Titan Eye+ (eye wear) * Westside (way of life retail location) * Star Bazaar (hypermarket chain) * Fashion Yatra(family design store) * Central (shopping center) * Big Bazaar (hypermarket) * Pantaloons (style outlet) * Blue Sky (shades) * Brand Factory (multi-brand readymade articles of clothing) * KB’s Fair Price (basic items) * Navaras(jewellery) Planet Store (multi-brand sports and way of life strength retail) * aLL(fashion pieces of clothing) * Ethnicity (Indian ethnic wear) * Home Town (home needs), * eZone(electronics), * Furniture Bazaar (home furnishings), * Electronics Bazaar(under Big Bazaar, gadgets stores) * Home Bazaar (satellite adaptation of Home Town) * Collection I (way of life furniture) * Gen M ; One Mobile (cell phones) * M-Port (hardware) * Shoe Factory (footwear) * Depot (books and music) * Reliance Fresh (neighborhood store) * Reliance Mart (grocery store) * Reliance Super (scaled down store) Reliance Digital (purchaser durables and data innovation) * Reliance Trends (attire and embellishments) * Reliance Wellness (wellbeing, health and excellence) * iStore(Apple items) * Reliance Footprint (footwear) * Reliance Jewels (adornments) * Reliance TimeOut(books, music and diversion) * Reliance AutoZone (car items and administrations) * Reliance Living (home product, furniture, particular kitchens and goods) * Music World (music and home video store) * Books ; Beyond (book shop) * Spencers (multi-position retail location) K RAHEJA Shoppers Stop (dress, extras, scents, beautifying agents, footwear and home outfitting store) * Crossword (book shop) * Inorbit Mall (style, way of life, food and amusement) and Hyper City (hypermarket) As we can see that every single significant gathering in India have opened up their retail locations taking into account various areas o f the general public accommodating various needs of the clients. This has brought about a kind of monopolistic rivalry in sorted out retail showcase in metro and Tier 1cities attributable to the enormous number of variations being offered to the clients. Be that as it may, in Tier 2 and 3 urban communities there are less of such present day retail locations and the market circumstance can be contrasted with oligopoly, yet anyway in light of neighborhood players and disorderly retail the impacts of oligopoly for the most part don’t appear. The nearness of contenders therefore influences the player, yet the business and the country as entirety. Let’s examine to sum things up the impacts of rivalry. Rivalry AND RIVALRY Competition is one of the way to accomplish monetary productivity. You read A Microeconomic Analysis of Indian Retail Industry in class Article models It limits costs and urges organizations to enhance ; give better nature of items. In the retail segment rivalry is driven by numerous variables, including assortment, items, value, quality, administration, area, notoriety, credit and accessibility of retail space and so on. It can comprehensively be ordered under: 1. Rivalry on account of Internal Factors The huge number of gatherings in multibrand retail, for example, TATA, Raheja et al and furthermore single brand built up remote players, for example, Adidas, Nike and so on represent a danger to expedient development of Indian Retail. . Rivalry in view of External Factors The sorted out retail industry in India is confronting enormous rivalry from the chaotic area. Generally, retailing has been built up in India for a considerable length of time. It is a minimal effort structure, for the most part proprietor worked, has insignificant land and work expenses and practically zero charges to pay. The sloppy retail segment establishes o ver 93% of India’s all out retail part and in this way, represents a genuine obstacle for sorted out retailers. As a result of the to a great extent sloppy nature of Indian retail, wasteful aspects have sneaked in and huge number of mediators exists, lessening the useful and gainful proficiency of the retail business. The administration in power has in this way been quick to advance FDI in retail in India. Hundred percent FDI in single brand retail welcomed worldwide organizations for rivalry in the Indian retail area. With this the organizations are working with a system to have the option to oblige the requirements of the shoppers and develop volumes by guaranteeing footfalls, while having the option to decrease costs, withstand downturns, and face rivalry. Here we likewise observe a typical practice to keep different organizations from influencing the financial the norm of a nation, by forcing boundaries and tops on FDI, for instance what has been done in multibrand retail. Starting at now, FDI in multibrand retail can't surpass the predetermined top which has kept worldwide retailers, for example, Walmart, Carrefour et al from entering the Indian market, in spite of the fact that they despite everything do exist in entire deal money and convey fragment. The market structure of the cutting edge retail is that of monopolistic rivalry in metros ; level I urban areas which typically have many shopping options including multi-brand retail outlets, single brand outlets in the shopping centers and across the country chains. While in the level II ; level III urban areas the market structure is oligopoly in nature as they have less stores and some place just a solitary too focus or shopping center. Likewise on the off chance that we take a gander at costs of various nudge

Employment in America Essay

The United States is among the worldwide states which are grasping low paces of joblessness. With the exception of the Latin America which is savagely partnered to high casual business the remainder of the American landmass is having a low joblessness rate which goes as low as 3% contrasted with 55-60% for generally Asian and African nations. Comprehensively, the impacts of law pace of joblessness in the US can be united to the connection marvels in both the macroeconomic and microeconomic structures which have acted to impact the expansive exhibit of the financial development. The condition of the economy is steady with hardly any difficulties into the inhibitors of poor conditions of economy. Over decade of years, US have appreciated the predominance setting into a steady condition of the economy with somewhere else high buying intensity of the American dollar. Over the worldwide symbolism, it has delighted in different financial advantages and monetary mixes of its steady condition of economy and solid buying intensity of its cash. High condition of financial action have been the take off platform and the benchmark into high capital inflows from different states through outside interest in America and the economies united to ideal equalization of installments delighted in by the America. From the positivity in the financial structures, America has kept on grasping the monetary structures of a macroeconomic limit which give instruments to high paces of business. For states inside the Latin American district, the high pace of casual business is a lot of utilitarian and recipient with far better wages than most proper jobs in the creating nations. Comprehensively, the high pace of business/low pace of joblessness in American can immediately be clarified by the activity interlinkage between different macroeconomic and microeconomic structures. In any case, the incredible arrangement behind this circumstance can be credited to the macroeconomic factors which are caught in the expansive financial condition. Somewhere else, the monetary and monitory factors in the useful cost of the American framework gives a sufficient interest to moral feeling of high paces of work. (Riggs, 2004) At one level, microeconomic factors anteroom in to characterize the components at an individual level which impact and decide the condition of business. This is for the most part credited to the responding factors in the connection between family unit salary and the degrees of utilization and investment funds. For the most part, the financial model of individual pay is depicted as an element of utilization and sparing. The relative changes to each other gives the particular negligible affinities (to devour and spare). The two are reciprocals of each other where a reduction in one will expand the other. In any case, inside America, the individual populace has high minimal affinity to spare because of the high pay acquired from the proper work and casual cases. With high sparing proportions, the populace can fund speculation cost for new venture structure. The general venture portfolio inside the US is exceptionally ideal and profoundly developing to bear in the moderately high business necessities. High speculation structures furnish a satisfactory live with which the more extensive human populace can be ingested inside the business structures. (Riggs, 2004) Macroeconomic impacts give an extraordinary shelter to making work openings. Such macroeconomic instruments can be characterized as far as the monetary condition to yield satisfactory financial conditions for a high pace of business. By and large, the financial monetary variable does a ton to give satisfactory condition to guaranteeing high condition of financial action. By and large, the government has done a great deal about its spending to general society. High government spending has been a benchmark in the establishments of high conditions of financial action which doesn't bargain high work rates. Government spending has been of a different sort wherein it has given different protection recompenses to the jobless above other social structures partnered to the open populace. Government spending has assisted with expanding the wide pay flexibly inside the general population. High consumption has been an instrument in to the arrangement of capital for venture by the individuals. Somewhere else, the national government has been in the cutting edge in initiating different structures planned for giving sufficient condition in its interest in government venture. Financial arrangement has additionally been advanced by different sufficient frameworks in its burdening structure. Therefore, the burdening framework has given an exhaustive bundle of attractive pace of assessments which are less inclined driving out speculators from the economy because of misfortunes through government tax assessment. Through sufficient degrees of duties which incorporate duty exception and refunds for different people inside the economy, the individuals and speculation bodies have grasped the worth result associated to such law paces of assessments. (Riggs, 2004) Inside the America, the monitory arrangement does a ton in giving a sufficient domain to high paces of business and the decrease of different joblessness disparities borne of the individuals. The solid feeling of the monitory strategy gives a structure which capital inflow is accessible. In reality, America is among the worldwide states wherein case capital inflow is subordinately of high scale and incorporating no monitory rigidities. Extensively, the American monitory strategy can be portrayed as far as the condition of cash gracefully and the interest for American dollar. Be that as it may, the different sides (both the interest and the flexibly conditions) show a solid unbending nature in their balance level. The condition of cash gracefully is equivalent to the relative interest which assists with giving an alluring condition of balance. With balance in the currency showcase, the American dollar has grasped a high condition of buying power. Financially, such high buying power has been the foundation of encouraging high capital inflows inside the states. High buying power has given financial bit of leeway in the worldwide evenness of monetary mixes. Through ideal states of monetary combinations, America has grasped high capital inflows from its exchanging accomplices. (Riggs, 2004) Alternatively a positive test into the checking framework has been a strong factor for the impact of a positive equalization of installment. Financially, alluring conditions and conditions of the money related advertising are discretionally significance factors in deciding the condition of work. Each high work is an in depended variable of the condition of monitory strategies. Thoughtfully, stable fiscal economy characterizes the steadiness in the financial reconciliation and the parameters of equalization of installments. A steady economy is optional significant for giving structures planned for improving the condition of work. For each embodiment of capital inflow inside America, this has been an establishment planned for improving the fare level and diminishing the condition of imported products. Each part of high fares than imports assists with improving the condition of business. To America, the low paces of joblessness are counter factors controlled by the current condition of high fare than imports. Solidness in the monetary state and the buying intensity of the money has assisted with improving the condition of capital inflow inside America High capital venture from the remote world which has assisted with improving the current condition of business states. Immediately, the low condition of joblessness in America can be partnered to the predominant financial structures existing inside the American economy. The equivalent has supported the steady condition of speculation which has then again assisted with expanding the pace of work inside the state.

Loneliness in of Mice and Men Free Essays

8. Depression is a significant topic in Of Mice and Men. Which characters are forlorn and why? Of Mice and Men represents the dejection of farm life during the Great Depression in the 1930’s. We will compose a custom article test on Depression in of Mice and Men or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now Steinbeck makes a forlorn and a blue air at commonly in the novel. He utilizes words ‘Soledad’ which is alluded to isolation, which implies dejection; and the game ‘Solitare’ which implies by one’s self. Not all the characters are forlorn; Steinbeck clarifies that lone Crooks, Curley’s spouse and Candy are the desolate characters in the farm. The loneliest character is Crooks. He is disengaged from different farmers in light of his race. He isn’t permitted to join any social exercises at the farm and is totally disregarded out. He’s so forlorn that he thinks about perusing books to go with him. Despite the fact that he doesn’t show it, he is urgent to have somebody to converse with. When Lennie comes in his room, Crooks just continues conversing with him and doesn’t care whether he was tuning in or not. Evildoers says to Lennie â€Å"A fellow goes crazy on the off chance that he ain’t got no one. Don’t matter no distinction who the person is, yearns he with you. I tell ya a person gets too desolate an’ he becomes ill. † This shows he urgently needs a companion to converse with and he’s at where he is getting genuinely tired of it. Criminals additionally says â€Å"An’ never a God damn one of them ever gets it. Much the same as paradise. Ever’body needs a little bit of lan’. It’s just in their mind. † This shows he has no expectation for a brilliant future and that he doesn’t accept that the men from the farm are ever heading off to a superior spot. The second loneliest is Candy, an old swamper at the farm who is handicapped because of a mishap before. His solitary friendship is his antiquated canine, until Carlson shoots it for him since it is old and futile, much the same as Candy. Later on in the novel, he wishes he ought to have shot the pooch himself, which is like the completion of the novel. At the point when his pooch kicks the bucket, he searches for new fellowship, he doesn’t need to become more established being without anyone else. He trusts George and Lennie will turn into his companions when he hears them discussing their fantasy farm. He offers his reserve funds for the fantasy, which makes George and Lennie’s dream start to be really conceivable to accomplish. S’pose I went in with you folks. That’s 300 and fifty bucks I’d put in†¦ How’d that be? † This demonstrates he truly plans to be a piece of the fantasy. He is pointless at the farm, he realizes that he’s going to be sacked sometime and he will have no spot, no companions and nothing. That’s why he is giving his reserve funds for the fantasy farm, which conceivably he could carry on with a mind-blowing remainder in. Candy urgently attempts to be a piece of the fantasy gives us how desolate he truly is. Curley’s spouse is the least forlorn character out of each of the three. She’s constrained by her better half, Curley, who doesn’t let her address any of the men on the farm, which drives her into being forlorn. Despite the fact that Curley’s spouse is referenced as often as possible, Steinbeck doesn’t uncover her genuine name all through the entire novel. All the farmers think about her as an article, rather than an ordinary individual. The farmers don’t even trouble to begin a discussion with her on account of her better half, who thinks he is all extreme and solid. Curley’s spouse has no female companions on the farm, so the farmers are her solitary alternative, however really awful they don’t need to be companions with her. She understands that Lennie isn’t like different men and she plans to be companions with him. She says to Lennie â€Å"Think I don’t like to converse with someone ever now and again? † This shows she’s attempting to state that she is urgently needs to converse with someone as she scarcely ever converses with anybody since no one at the farm tunes in to her. In spite of the fact that she has a spouse which should make her not as forlorn as she truly seems to be, the truth of the matter is that he overlooks her and just goes out to Cat houses now and again, yet he doesn’t permit to converse with anyone or to go anyplace. I taking everything into account, forlornness have a major effect on individuals. It makes Crooks, Candy and Curley’s spouse endure. Law breakers says he’s debilitated in light of the fact that he doesn’t have anyone to converse with. Candy is extremely old and his old canine is his solitary companion, which at that point gets shot, which makes him even lonelier. Curley’s spouse passes on in light of the fact that she has nobody to converse with too, so when she begins conversing with the whimsical Lennie, who accidently slaughters her in the stable. I think different men like Slim, Carlson and Whit are likewise forlorn however they don’t make it as a serious deal and they simply go on with their lives The most effective method to refer to Loneliness in of Mice and Men, Essay models

Marijuana and Spice May Cause Damage in Early Pregnancy

Marijuana and Spice May Cause Damage in Early Pregnancy Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Print Marijuana and Spice Use Can Affect an Embryos Brain By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on April 25, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 16, 2019 PhotoAlto/Sigrid Olsson/Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Cocaine Heroin Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Smoking todays high-potency marijuana or using synthetic forms of weed  can be dangerous during pregnancy. Researchers suggest that it may damage the developing embryos brain as early as two weeks after conception. For this reason, if you are pregnant or planning to get pregnant, you might want to avoid smoking pot. Earlier studies which showed no adverse effects of smoking marijuana for pregnant women were conducted with smokers of traditional marijuana, according to researchers at Texas AM University. But todays strains of bioengineered weed can contain up to 20 times more THC. Furthermore, the fake weed products known as K2 or Spice  contain highly potent TCH analogs or synthetic cannabinoids. These are 500 to 600 times more potent than THC. Brain Damage to Fetus The Texas AM research study also found that when the extremely potent drugs are used during early pregnancy, it can lead to a condition called anencephaly. This causes the babies to be born without large parts of their brain or skull. Additionally, exposure to high-potency marijuana or synthetic marijuana during pregnancy can lead to: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)Learning disabilitiesMemory problems in toddlers and 10-year-oldsAggression, anxiety, and depression in teens Hidden Dangers Quite simply, young smokers are not often aware of these dangers. A sexually active woman may be smoking marijuana or synthetics and not immediately know when she becomes pregnant. Study co-author Dr. Delphine Psychoyos notes, These psychoactive chemicals have the ability to interfere with the first stages in the formation of the brain of the fetus; this event occurs two weeks after conception, earlier than before signs of pregnancy appear. She says that it may already be too late to prevent the effects of these substances on the unborn child by the time a woman realizes she is pregnant and stops taking them. Not Your Mothers THC Dr. Psychoyos notes that many pro-marijuana advocacy and pregnancy websites base their discussions on data collected prior to 1997 when no detrimental effects on pregnancy had been reported. But those studies reflected the impact of the low-potency marijuana that was common on the market in the 1970s and 1980s. A Variety of Cognitive Impairments With Exposure Dr. Psychoyos study is not the only one that has linked prenatal exposure to marijuana and synthetic marijuana to effects on the brain. After various states  legalized medical marijuana and recreational marijuana, research has increased significantly into the possible danger of smoking while pregnant. One study found that long-term and heavy marijuana use during pregnancy could impair brain maturation and predispose the offspring to neurodevelopmental disorders. Another study with laboratory animals found that marijuana use during pregnancy caused a variety of cognitive impairments in offspring. Yet another study found that exposure to marijuana and synthetic derivatives (designer drugs) during pregnancy could account for connectivity deficits during cortical development. In other words, it can cause what researchers termed a dis-jointed brain. The researchers suggest that teenagers and young women need to be more aware of the dangers and health risks of high potency marijuana and fake weed if they are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.

Money Isn’t Everything

Being a senior in high school, I've almost gotten used to talking about college an average of five times a day. Don't get me wrong: I am very invested in my future, and I actually like thinking about where I'll end up next year. But there's one college topic that I never like talking about: money. I come from a middle-class family of six that functions on one income. Before my sisters and I were born, my parents obviously had more money to spend, although they weren't rich. They had nice cars, went on nice vacations, and bought a bunch of nice stuff. But once my sisters and I arrived, this luxurious lifestyle ended. Today, I wouldn't say we are struggling to make ends meet, but I'd be lying if I said it's easy. My parents have had to make a lot of sacrifices. They have begun to warn me that I shouldn't â€Å"end up in the same place they're in.† One of their biggest goals is to convince me to go to the college that is the cheapest. Forget going where I feel comfortable; al l that matters is the money. This debate was fueled by my desire to attend a university that costs $45,000 per year, rather than one costing $16,500. To me, it's not about the money; it's about my education and the overall experience. I want to attend a college where I feel comfortable, where I can see myself wandering the campus and laughing with friends, where I can become a successful and independent woman. The cost doesn't matter as much to me. I will be paying for my own education, and while I do understand how much more debt I will have when I graduate, I still prefer the more expensive university. My parents don't agree with my logic and often call me silly. I understand their practicality. What I don't understand is their obsession with money. To them, money is the only thing that matters – not just regarding college, but in all aspects of life. And while I agree that money is important, I do not believe that it should be the highest priority. After one of our deb ates about college, my dad asked me, â€Å"Wouldn't you rather go to a cheaper college and buy a nice new car after you graduate?† Of course not! I couldn't care less what kind of car I drive. I don't understand people who desire the best car, the best house, the best clothes, the best of everything. What about the desire for a wealth of knowledge, or other types of intangible wealth? What about desiring the best education, with the best friends and family members supporting you? Aren't these more important than the kind of car you drive or the brand of clothing you wear? I'm sick of the idea that money should dictate every aspect of our lives. We spend so much time thinking about how we should or shouldn't spend it when we could be doing more important things. Material wealth should never take precedence over intangible wealth. Why is it that we sometimes rank our many pieces of technology higher than the value of friendship, an education, or a healthy lifestyle? Perhaps , years from now, when I've graduated with a nursing degree from Valparaiso University or Marquette University, I will be $100,000 in debt. Perhaps my parents will shake their heads and say â€Å"I told you so.† Perhaps I'll think twice about what my parents told me. But right now I'd rather focus on the quality of my education, which, while it may be intangible, is surely of great value.

World War I and World War II - 700 Words

Many people know about World War I and World War II seeing that they are a couple of the world’s most famous wars. Have you ever wondered how much you really know? This paper is here to inform you of all of the propaganda used to persuade people to follow Hitler, the Nazi party, and Stalin, terms that were used during this time period, and some of the very important people involved in World War I and in World War II. In the heat of World War I there were two groups, the Allies and the Central Powers. The Allies, which included France, Britain and Russia, went against the Central Powers. The Russian Revolution was also going on during this time period, which was a term that described a series of revolutions in Russia. These series of†¦show more content†¦Basically Hitler was saying that if children of Germany were weak and did not conform to his beliefs and become an ideal Nazi, the children had no chance. After Hitler came to power all of the other youth movements were abolished. By 1933 the Hitler Youth membership was up to 100,000 members and it was seen as repulsive if a child from ages 10 through 18 were not a member. Anti-Semitism is a prejudice belief and the hatred of a certain racial group. Anti- Semitism is a form of racism. Anti-Semitism members expressed their feelings towards the Jewish community in many different ways. Most showed their hatred of the Jews and discriminated individually. Others organized extremely violent mobs, and military attacks on entire Jewish communities. The Allied forces of World War II included the United States, Britain and the USSR. The Allies were the countries opposing the Axis Powers. Their goal was to stop German, Italian and Japanese aggression. The Soviet Union joined the Allied forces after being invaded by Germany and its Allies in 1941, the United States also joined after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in December of 1941. The relationship between Britain and the US were extremely close, but other key alliances were China, Canada and India. The Axis Powers were the nations that fought in World War II against the Allied forces. The Axis Powers were brought together by their opposition against the Western world and the Soviet Union. Their goal wasShow MoreRelatedThe War I And World War II1660 Words   |  7 Pagesin thehistory of the world were World War I and World War II. World War I occurred from 1914 to 1918. World War I was caused by militarism, alliances, nationalism, imperialism and assassination (MANIA). The first four causations were more of a build-up to it. Then, once the Arch-Duke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated, the buildup was sparked. This can be compared to pouring gasoline on the ground and then lighting it on fire. World War II occurred from 1939 to 1945.World War II was caused by the discontentRead MoreThe War I And World War II944 Words   |  4 PagesFrom piles of bodies in no man’s land to Jewish death camps, the level of violence found within World War I and World War II was extreme even f or wartime standards. These experiences shaped generations to come through the memories passed on by those who lived through such atrocities. Both Ernst Junger and Art Spiegelman carry on these memories through the book Storm of Steel and graphic novel Maus. Their pieces both give glimpses into the lives of the past and the violence in which those individualsRead MoreWar I And World War II1517 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout history the United States has been involved in many different wars. Their involvement has brought forth many significant events and changes that have affected the American way of life. I will briefly discuss the events and the United States involvement in World War I and World War II. I will give a brief overview of both wars and explain exactly how and why the United States joined in each. The term First World War was first used in 1914 by Ernst Haeckel, who stated that, there is noRead MoreThe War I And World War II911 Words   |  4 Pages There are many countries in the world that have a great history. Their antiquity benefited them in one way or another. One of these nations is France, which is known to have glorious events in the past. These events have made France the way it is now. For example, World War I, and World War II. However, these events were not the only thing that had a major role in France’s history some people are involved as well, such as Napoleon Bonaparte I and Louis Napoleon III. Those two men controlled FranceRead MoreWar I And World War II919 Words   |  4 Pageshistorians debate rather World War I and World War II were two different parts to the same war or if they are separate and distinct wars. Even though World War I and World War II were very different wars, and there were many years in between the two, the outcomes of World W ar I caused for World War II to happen because of unresolved issues. World War II is a continuation of World War I. World War I lasted four years and was the first total war in history. Before World War I Europe was doing well theyRead MoreThe War I And World War II1930 Words   |  8 PagesSUMMARY OF WARS Humanity was forever changed after the wars of the 20th century. World War I and World War II are known for the millions of military and civilian lives they took away. Horrific words such as concentration camps, slave labor and genocide are linked to the wars. They are also credited to causing nations to rapidly come up and develop brilliant new inventions, warfare tactics and revolutionary ideas that are still playing intricate roles in modern day societies. Both of these wars were accreditedRead MoreThe War I And World War II Essay1639 Words   |  7 PagesThe â€Å"Thirty Years War† World War I and World War II are the largest military conflicts in history. In 1919, Europe attempted to reconstruct the damage left by WWI. After WWI, with the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was left destroyed and destabilized, which eventually laid out the foundation for WWII. The harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles led to the aggression of Germany. The Treaty of Versailles was supposed to bring about peace, but Marshall Foch, generalissimo of the Allied Armies in FranceRead MoreThe War I And World War II1191 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction During World War I and World War II life back home changed excessively. When the soldiers went to fight in World War 1 and World War 2, women and children had to replace men in the workforce. There was an increase in those affected by the trauma of the wars, and the birth-rates dropped during this time. Family Families were affected by the trauma and exposure of the war, causing mental illnesses such as depression. Young children had been exposed to the trauma of war. A great deal of pressureRead MoreWar I And World War II771 Words   |  4 Pagessought to stay out of both World War I and World War II only to be pulled in by intense happenings that inflicted chaos on the nations people. World War II would be a time in American history that would bring many fresh war tactics and developments, that helped to pull a depraved nation from the depths of a depression as well as pledge the freedom and prosperity of its opposing nations. Dangerous discoveries will be made in the world would be left to be governed by two world powers. Hoping to remainRead MoreWar I And World War II1264 Words   |  6 Pages During any war, there will alwaAys be alliances made which stick even after the war has been dissolved. Postwar foreign policy after wars such as World War I and World War II was complicated and both had their similarities and differences from each other. World War I (WWI) strengthened our international relations with many countries, It also deteriorated some relations as well and set the stage for America becoming a great power. World War II (WWII) had some of the same effects, solidating our

Understanding and Using Stipulative Definitions

A stipulative is a  definition that assigns meaning to a word, sometimes without regard for common usage. The term stipulative definition is often used in a pejorative sense to refer to a definition that appears to be deliberately misleading. Stipulative definitions are also known as Humpty-Dumpty words or legislative definitions. Examples and Observations Michael Ghiselin A lexical definition, such as one that occurs in a dictionary (a lexicon), is a kind of report on how language is used. A stipulative definition proposes (stipulates) that language shall be used in a given way.–Metaphysics and the Origin of Species. SUNY Press, 1997 Trudy Govier Words in a language are public instruments for communication in that language, and a stipulative definition is useful only if it sets out predictable and comprehensible standards of use that are workable for the purpose at hand. If a stipulated definition becomes popular, the word defined in its new sense then becomes part of public language, and it is open to changes and variations in use just as other words are.–A Practical Study of Argument, 7th ed. Wadsworth, 2010 Patrick J. Hurley Stipulative definitions are misused in verbal disputes when one person covertly uses a word in a peculiar way and then proceeds to assume that everyone else uses that word in the same way. Under these circumstances that person is said to be using the word stipulatively. In such cases the assumption that the other person use the word in the same way is rarely justified.–A Concise Introduction to Logic, 11th ed. Wadsworth, 2012 Jon Stratton Stipulative definitions that slant or bias meanings are called persuasive definitions. They are meant to persuade and to manipulate people, not to clarify meaning and encourage communication. Persuasive definitions are sometimes encountered in advertising, political campaigns, and in discussions about moral and political values. For example the definition, A caring mother is one who uses Softness brand disposable diapers, is persuasive because it unfairly stipulates the secondary designation Softness user. The term caring mother is much more significant than that!–Critical Thinking for College Students. Rowman Littlefield, 1999 Use in Literature â€Å"There’s glory for you!† â€Å"I don’t know what you mean by ‘glory,’ Alice said. Humpty Dumpty smiled contemptuously. â€Å"Of course you don’t–till I tell you. I meant ‘there’s a nice knock-down argument for you!’† â€Å"But ‘glory’ doesn’t mean ‘a nice knock-down argument,’† Alice objected. â€Å"When I use a word,† Humpty Dumpty said, in rather a scornful tone, â€Å"it means just what I choose it to mean–neither more nor less.† â€Å"The question is,† said Alice, â€Å"whether you can make words mean so many different things.† â€Å"The question is,† said Humpty Dumpty, â€Å"which is to be master–that’s all.† Alice was too much puzzled to say anything; so after a minute Humpty Dumpty began again. â€Å"They’ve a temper, some of them–particularly verbs, they’re the proudest–adjectives you can do anything with, but not verbs–however, I can manage the whole lot of them! Impenetrability! That’s what I say!† â€Å"Would you tell me, please,† said Alice, â€Å"what that means?† â€Å"Now you talk like a reasonable child,† said Humpty Dumpty, looking very much pleased. â€Å"I meant by ‘impenetrability’ that we’ve had enough of that subject, and it would be just as well if you’d mention what you mean to do next, as I suppose you don’t mean to stop here all the rest of your life.† â€Å"That’s a great deal to make one word mean,† Alice said in a thoughtful tone. â€Å"When I make a word do a lot of work like that,† said Humpty Dumpty, â€Å"I always pay it extra.†Ã¢â‚¬â€œLewis Carroll, Through the Looking-Glass, 1871 Use in Film Nancy: Can you, like, define the meaning of love? Fielding Mellish: What do you... define... its love! I love you! I want you in a way of cherishing your totality and your otherness, and in the sense of a presence, and a being and a whole, coming and going in a room with great fruit, and love of a thing of nature in a sense of not wanting or being jealous of the thing that a person possesses. Nancy: Do you have any gum?–Louise Lasser and Woody Allen in Bananas, 1971

The Classical Version Of Skepticism - 1218 Words

Skepticism is a method of equal and opposite arguments that has been used to investigate truth. It is believed that nothing should be assumed true without enough evidence. In the world of skepticism, all conclusions are premature. The classical version in skepticism is called Pyrrhonism. It was named after an early advocate known as Pyrrho (365 BCE – 270 BCE) became so frustrated between two arguments, not being able to choose which to follow due to reasonable views on both side, and decided to make a decision to drop his concerns with the subject. With this, he figured that the frustration that came with picking sides and choosing what to believe was not worth it and believed that you cannot be certain about the truth. Once admitting this to himself, he achieved the inner peace he was looking for that was later called ataraxia. Socrates (470 BCE – 399 BCE) was one of the first religious skeptics. He questioned the existence of the various gods the people in his society believed in and the religious authority. He was seen as an anti-religious enemy of the state that was poisoning the younger generations’ minds, which led to his arrest, trial, and ultimately his death. However, Socrates was only skeptical of religious beliefs and practices because he was unsure of the truth behind it and not because he was anti-religious. And throughout his life, even up ‘til his death, he claims that he only knows one definite truth, which was that he knows nothing. This is the reason forShow MoreRelatedSecular Humanism Essay1521 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom beasts. Through letters--or scholarship--was sought a rebirth of spirit and spiritual freedom and justification of the claim to rational autonomy. In essence, the Renaissance was a revival of the capacities and powers of the ancients. The version of secular humanism expressed in the Humanist Manifesto (I--1933 and II--1973) is actually naturalism, wherein there is no qualitative difference between man and animal, nor any supernatural. Man supposedly evolved from lower forms of life andRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Ghosts 1116 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"participates† is an insufficient term: Shakespeare’s celebrated ghost scenes are signs of a profound interest that continue through virtually his entire career (156). Shakespeare saw that he could draw upon a range of traditions, including not only the classical Hades and the popular Hell but also the banished realm of Catholic Purgatory. Above all, he additionally observed that uncertainty about the very possibility of ghosts was itself valuable theatrical capital. Shakespeare seized that there were beRead MoreEssay on Candide1469 Words   |  6 Pagesof rational thought and enlighten the people about their own beliefs and values; thus igniting the period of Enlightenment. In this period many people followed the teachings of their forefathers, such as Socrates, who was considered a figure of skepticism and rational thought. Challenging all views and theorems was the main point of this new ideology. Voltaire, a very powerful and influential figure among the writers of the 18th century, was known for his rejection of religion and a devout deistRead More Skepticism and the Philosophy of Language in Early Modern Thought3317 Words   |  14 Pages Skepticism and the Philosophy of Language in Early Modern Thought ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the importance of skeptical arguments for the philosophy of language in early modern thought. 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This era was unique because many popular films of the time were produced outside of the studio system, shot on-location, and with non-professional actors and actresses. These â€Å"art films† were brash, irreverent, and full of anger. While directors during this time used drastically different methods to achieve their final product, the meaning theyRead MoreRene Descartes And Hume Essay1767 Words   |  8 Pagesmost complicated questions regarding mortal life and the spiritual realm easier to comprehend. Philosophy, or â€Å"love of wisdom and truth†, juxtaposes traditional methods of learning by asserting the value of skepticism is learning through inquiry. That said, a plethora of philosophers post-Classical period have proposed solutions to matters that affect our very existence as human beings. 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Religious Experience Buddhism And Christianity - 1961 Words

Religious Experience: Buddhism Christianity: Protestantism To understand my experiences in both a Buddhist ceremony as well as a Protestant ceremony, I believe one must first understand my personal beliefs. I never had a name for what I believed, as both of my parents are Baptist and all that I ever knew was that I was not. However, curiosity coupled with this course caused me to venture out and find a name for how I have been inclined towards for years- agnostic. I do not believe there is a God (of any sort) or lack thereof. I am firmly grounded in my agnostic beliefs. In class we have discussed different people who are so rooted in a faith that cannot be scientifically proven. Whatever they believe to be reality, they want it to be widely known and accepted— so much so that some participate in inquisitions and reformations capable of demolishing entire civilizations. All of this being said, I took a step back in both of my experiences and tried to see the ceremonies at face value from a nonjudgmental standing. The following are my accounts proceeded by my comparison and contrast of the two, and lastly conclusions based upon what I saw. On November 10 at 7 p.m., I visited the Fort Worth YWCA at 512 West 4th Street for a Buddhist religious experience. This was taught by James Rice who is a Kadampa Buddhist teacher. The first thing was a small payment of $5 that he collected as soon as everyone filled into the room. He said a few announcements and a brief prayer. It wasShow MoreRelatedChristianity vs Buddhism923 Words   |  4 Pagesreligions I’ve chose to compare and contrast would be non denomination/ Christianity and Buddhism. Each religion would be broken down by their religious belief, religious ritual, and religious experience. 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Based on religious writings, this paper explores the way Buddhism and Christianity are differentRead MoreReligion Of Buddhism : Buddhism963 Words   |  4 Pagesinterested in the religion of Buddhism. After I watched Oprah Winfrey’s television series, Belief Buddhism has become something I wished to look into on a deeper level. Therefore, On October 9, 2016, I visited Wesleyan college East Asian studies facilities to participate in their Sunday meeting of Practice and Talk. During this hour and a half meeting, individuals who are exploring Buddhism will learn the surface practice of Buddhism more specifically shin Buddhism. Shin Buddhism or the teachings of ShinranRead MoreChristianity And Buddhism Vs. Buddhism948 Words   |  4 PagesMany, especially in New Mexico, are familiar with the teaching and conditions of Christianity, beginning the creation of the Heaven and Earth, and coming to an end with the death of Jesus, these teachings are taught weekly through Mass. 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A person’s morals and ethics are formed through their religious beliefs and practices. Morals and ethics allow one to make a knowledgeable and responsible decision. One’s religious and spiritual beliefs shapes and molds the mind, body, and spirit of the person. One would think that Christianity, Hinduism, Judaism, Islam, and Buddhism have nothing in common, but in some ways they are. Generally, there are alsoRead MoreThe Nature of Ethics in Hinduism, Christianity, and Buddhism Essay1360 Words   |  6 PagesThe Nature of Ethics in Hinduism, Christianity, and Buddhism When asking the question about the nature of ethics, it is hard to explain where they came from because not everyone has the same views or religions. Since religions have different standards, there are different sources to them and different reasons for why people should follow them. When trying to find answers to questions about the nature of ethics, it is impossible to know which religions view is correct. This paper will

Student Version of Decleration of Independence Free Essays

When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for students to break off with their parents and teachers and to become independent; they must explain why they deserve to be independent to the rest of the world. This requires us, as students to write our own Declaration of Independence for the rest of the world to see and comprehend why we should be and will be independent to show our oppression against our teachers. To begin with, it is obvious that all students are created equal and are given by their creator the rights of life, liberty and the pursuit of whatever makes them happy. We will write a custom essay sample on Student Version of Decleration of Independence or any similar topic only for you Order Now To get these rights, teachers should allow students do as they wish. However, when teachers begin a long train of mistreatment and machination against students with their communistic ways and Pearl Harbor sneak attacks with discipline it shows they only want to control every aspect of our lives. Do we not deserve respect? It is the duty and right of us sapient students to get rid of the control our fastidious teachers have over the students and our school. Furthermore, students have been very patient with the teachers and faculty of South Gwinnett High School, but with such a long history of mistreatment, headache and constant nagging from the staff it is only right that the rest of the world finds out what has been happening. It has rained so long, it seems as though it has rained for 40 days and nights. They give us repeated pointless referrals; they give us way too much work with no time to finish. Staff are constantly questioning students in the hallways and telling us what to wear. They tell us when we can or cannot use the restroom; they tell us that we only have six minutes to get to each class, which is not enough time. Our lockers are too small and our lunches are inedible. They refuse to let us go off campus for lunch, and they refuse to let us self-checkout anymore. They punish us if we do not make it to class on time by going to the tardy room, and they punish us for gratuitous reasons that were unfair and not our fault. Even after all of this mistreatment, the students including myself have expressed how we felt to our teachers. However, our complaints have fallen flat. And as usual we have been shunned and ignored. We have even brought our situation to the ears of administrators, teachers from different schools and parents, but we have been muted. A petition to ease the dictatorship of our teachers was refused by many. Some even attempted to post posters illustrating how the students felt. Students even tried going on strike, refusing to go to classes. Meetings to try and sit down with the faculty of South Gwinnett to discuss the matter were ignored as well. The betrayal was stern. Do we not deserve respect? Though, now we must announce that we are accommodating in this debauchery and separating ourselves from the school as a whole to become more independent and liberated. We, therefore the students and representative of South Gwinnett High School in Snellville Georgia present these facts to the rest of the country and the world for freedom. And with this, the students of South Gwinnett write and declare that we are now independent from South Gwinnett High School. How to cite Student Version of Decleration of Independence, Essay examples

The Future of Cyber-Sex and Relationship Fidelity free essay sample

The Future of Cyber-Sex and Relationship Fidelity: Rapid Growth of Technology by Marlene M. Maheu, Ph. D. The combination of the telephone and the Internet will provide more uses and conveniences than imagined just ten years ago. The telephone is likely to be the pivotal technology, so that people will have personal numbers that can be taken with them as they transfer from job to job, and home to home. It is already possible to use the telephone for receiving email messages and surfing the net. Mobile phone carriers now allow you to pick a variety of news, sports, weather, and stock market reports several times a day.Telephones and Internet services are merging, bringing increased opportunities for virtual lovers to be in email or voicemail contact through telephones. Email messages are less intrusive than telephone calls or answering machines. They can be read at the recipients convenience, even in an open area with people nearby. We will write a custom essay sample on The Future of Cyber-Sex and Relationship Fidelity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With an increase in the number of people who check cell phones for messages while waiting for other events to occur, several messages from a virtual lover can be received and reciprocated in the course of a normal business day, perhaps even during a business meeting. Just as people check their watches, they can check their email via pager or cell phone during a conversational lull. The emergence of the wireless Web will make contact with virtual lovers or cyber-sex material possible anytime, anywhere. For purposes of this article, cybersex is defined as occurring when computerized content is used for sexual stimulation. It involves two or more people exciting one another sexually through text, sounds, or images obtained from software or the Internet.Many companies are installing transmitters in airports, business areas, and stores, which will offer high-speed Internet access within a certain range. A laptop computer will only need a transmission card to connect, and a monthly fee will be paid by subscribers. Gas stations may soon double as favorite places to write an email love note to that special someone, and a traffic jam may no longer be a waste of time. Much gratitude is extended to those who helped clarify, amplify and edit the material used in this article: Michael Erickson, Ph.

Conflict and Flexible Organizational Behavior

Question: Discuss about the Conflict and Flexible Organizational Behavior. Answer: Introduction: The Maslows hierarchy addresses all the individuals with diverse needs (Lester 2013). Each group of employees belong to the different levels of the Maslow Hierarchy of Needs- The first group of single and young employees who wish to increase their income for the purpose of purchasing their first house and first car belongs to the esteem needs. This is because this group of people prefers to maintain their prestige in the society. The second groups of employees who are middle aged working parents belong to the category of belongings and love needs where they expect to gain love from their young children. They want to create a sense of belonging, trust and intimacy with their children. The third group of employees who wish to raise high in the corporate ladder belongs to the esteem needs as they want to have a feeling of accomplishment in their professional life. They want promotion and professional appreciation so that their colleagues treat them with dignity and respect. The fourth groups of employees who are old aged employees belong to the category of Self actualization needs as the employees have realized that they have achieved their personal potential, personal growth and have reached their peak experiences. They have reached the status of the self-fulfillment in their professional life. Based on your answer in part (a) above, suggest what can be offered by ABC Sdn Bhd to these different groups of employees so that their needs are fulfilled. Explain your suggestion. The company should take initiatives to take care of the different individuals who belong to different levels in the Maslow hierarchy of needs. The first group of employees should be given respect and dignity in the workplace and their performance appraisal should be done on a regular basis. If they are found suitable as per the organizational policies, then necessary increments should be done. The second group of the employees should be given flexible work options so that they can balance their personal as well as professional lives (Allen et al. 2013). The third group of employees should be given dignity and appreciation for their hard work so that they can climb the corporate ladder in the shortest possible time by fulfilling all the organizational criteria (Hicks and Waddock 2016). The organization should strive to improve inter personal relationships in the organization. The fourth group of employees are the old age employees who must be given something extra than their regular c ompensation. They should be given health related benefits and regular medical checkup for ensuring that they maintain optimum health (Ganster and Rosen 2013). An option for providing after retirement benefits should be encouraged in the organization which would make the future of the employees secure. If there is fulfillment of these factors, then the individuals would be motivated to work more and hence there would be an increase in the organizational productivity. References Allen, T.D., Johnson, R.C., Kiburz, K.M. and Shockley, K.M., 2013. Workfamily conflict and flexible work arrangements: Deconstructing flexibility.Personnel Psychology,66(2), pp.345-376. Ganster, D.C. and Rosen, C.C., 2013. Work stress and employee health A multidisciplinary review.Journal of Management, p.0149206313475815. Hicks, D. and Waddock, S., 2016. Dignity, Wisdom, and Tomorrow's Ethical Business Leader.Business and Society Review,121(3), pp.447-462. Lester, D., 2013. Measuring Maslow's hierarchy of needs.Psychological reports,113(1).

Business Overseas Essays - Geography Of Europe, Europe,

Business Overseas Spain Geography & Location Spain is the second largest country in the EU. The territory of Spain covers most of the Iberian Peninsula; which it shares with Portugal and also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean, and the North African cities of Ceuta and Melilla. In the north it is bordered by the Cantabrian Sea, France and Andorra; in the east and south-east by the Mediterranean; in the south by the Straits of Gibraltar; in the south-east by the Atlantic; in the west by Portugal and in the north-east by the Atlantic. Climate The temperate in Spain is clear, hot summers in the interior, more moderate and cloudy along the coast, cloudy, cold winters in the interior, partly cloudy and cool along the coast. Terrain The terrain of Spain described as large, flat to dissected plateau surrounded by rugged hills; Pyrenees in the north. Natural hazards Periodic droughts Time Zones Spain is one hour ahead of London time, with the exception of the Canary Island, which is in the same time zone as London. Language Castilian Spanish 74%, Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, Basque 2% Spanish is the official language, which is used along with other official regional languages, such as Catalan, Basque, Galician and Valencian in their respective autonomous communities. English is the main foreign language studied at school. Population 39,167,744 (July 1999 est.) Age structure 0-14 years: 15% (male 3,012,907; female 2,835,455) 15-64 years: 68% (male 13,411,046; female 13,406,216) 65 years and over: 17% (male 2,702,654; female 3,799,468) (1999 est.) Currency 1 peseta (Pta) = 100 centimos Economic System Spain is very dynamic country and has achieved high economic growth rates surpassing the average of other industrialized countries. Sixty million tourists visit the country each year. International organizations recognize and endorse the improvement in the Spanish economy, as the country shows a projected GDP growth of 3.7 percent for 1998. The operations in the Spanish financial system can be classified as follows: The Bank of Spain, :Banco de Espana,? is the central issuing bank. It implements the monetary and exchange policy set forth by the Government and provides payment services with respect to the national debt. Around 50 foreign banks have offices in Spain. Stock market There are four stock exchanges in Spin; the largest is Madrid and the others are located in Barcelona, Valencia and Bilbao. The Spanish stock exchanges are characterized over the long run by strong steady growth in share price. Money Market The money market is based fundamentally on the issuance of short-term securities by the Bank of Spain, which are taken up by banks, finance companies and money market operators that place a portion of them with individuals and corporations with cash surpluses for short-term investment. In a broader sense, the money market also covers inter-bank deposits. Interest rates on such deposits are as a benchmark for other transactions and trading in short-term corparate securities (although these are dealt with through stock exchanges). The money market has become increasingly important as a result of the liberalization and greater flexibility of the Spanish financial system. This is evident from the fact that interest rates are ordinarily higher than the inflation rate and from the substantial volume of trading in money market securities. The Government debt market is important in Spain and used by both resident and foreign investors. Favorable tax arrangements for investments by non-residents in these securities make this market attractive. Transportation Railways: total 15,079 km Highways: total 346,858 km Paved: 343,389 km Unpaved: 3,469 km Waterways: 1,045 km Ports and harbors: Aviles, Barceluna, Bilbao, Cadiz, Cartagena, Castellon de la Plana, Ceuta, Huelua, La Coruna, Las Palmas (Canary Islands), Malaga, Melilla, Pasajes, Gijon, Santa Cruz de Tenerif (Canry Islands), Santander, Tarragona, Valencia, Vigo Airports 99 (1998 est.) Political System Spain's government type is parliamentary monarchy. Spain has three different levels of government, municipal governments, autonomous communities, and the central government. Spaniards can boast of having one of the best lifestyles in Europe or for that matter, in the world. It is the sunniest country in Europe and its climate is ranked among the healthiest in the world according to the World Health Organization. Spain's excellent quality of life has been widely recognized by the media, and in particular a recent study by The Economist ranked Spain as third in the world in terms of social, political, cultural, and economic factors. Over four thousand kilometers of beaches, abundant

How to Build Social Community Measure The Impact With Shonali Burke

How to Build Social Community Measure The Impact With Shonali Burke Marketers spend a lot of time, energy, and money building their social networks to connect with, engage, and share information with followers. How much should you invest in a platform and measure what you’re getting out of it? Today, my guest is Shonali Burke, founder and leading instructor of Social PR Virtuosa and president and CEO of Shonali Burke Consulting. She encourages marketers to think about their social networks as a social community and shares how to connect with your social community to add value and meaning to your network, product, or service. Plan, Paine, and MySpace: Community being generated through social space Is traditional public relations (PR) dead? Perception and transformation of PR Putting people back into public relations; getting to the heart of who somebody is and what’s important to them Trend of natural marriage between social media and PR; companies taking initiative and making changes to company culture Purpose and Mission: How to use and leverage social media to grow authentic communities and make people’s lives better, easier, and more fun Two places to find stories: Customers and Company First step to building and activating audience; what you’re asking them to do, why How to measure ROI; depends on goals and data Most common mistake made by PR professionals and strategists Links: Shonali Burke Consulting Inc. Social PR Virtuoso Social Media Day at Minnesota State University Moorhead Katie Delahaye Paine Putting the Public Back in Public Relations by Deirdre Breakenridge and Brian Solis Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) Jon Ferrara (founder of Nimble) Andy Crestodina Social Media Metrics by Jim Sterne Write a review on iTunes and send a screenshot of it to receive a cool swag bag! If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Shonali Burke: â€Å"The perception of public relations, unfortunately, has not changed, which is that it is primarily media relations, it is publicity, it is spin, and it’s flack, and that pisses me off!† â€Å"I think the clients who work with me drink that Kool-Aid. It’s going to be measurable.† â€Å"Companies are seeing it as a trend. I don’t think it’s really going to change, unless a company culture changes, and that is truly where change needs to begin.† â€Å"Ultimately, every product or service that succeeds makes people’s lives better.†

Swot Analysis for my writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Swot Analysis for my writing - Essay Example   My writing faces a number of weaknesses, which act as a drawback to providing quality content on most occasions. Firstly, I frequently make several spelling mistakes in my writing, with a relatively slower pace in solving the problem. Use of vocabulary has also been a weakness, as the majority of my writing lack an adequate vocabulary to match the great content I usually present. Another weak element in my writings is the use of relatively long sentences that sometimes make it difficult for the reader to fully understand my desired information. Incorrect grammar structure has always been a major drawback to my writings, which are usually attributed to engaging in writing when not of what to write. Opportunities In order to improve my areas that I am weak in my writings, I need to embark on an extensive use of various elements essential for providing excellent writing skills. Firstly, I should make more thorough use of the English dictionary. The internet is another crucial resource I should increase its use in order to achieve better skills of writing. Additionally, effectively following writings of teachers can generally improve my writings, as they provide easier and detailed guides that can positively help me out. Another helpful option that can act as an effective tool in improving my writing experience is the extensive use of the Writing Center, since its platform that aids many students to provide quality writings. Lastly, I should make more frequent consultation with our instructor while at school or online.

Exam Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exam Final - Essay Example The Bacchants’ rituals were described as wild, rapturous group encounters, drunken ecstatic cavorting, driving them wild so they do not recognize their own children – these all apply to the drug culture of the present day, and in a sprawling and progressive metropolis such as New York City the spread of such a culture is indeed menacing. Thebes, like New York now, was a premier city, prime target from external influences both beneficial and harmful. Pentheus, like New York City’s authorities, was watchful of harmful coercive forces that could threaten the lives of his subjects (citizens), and thus would do anything to resist them and preserve the peace and security of their jurisdiction. The most exciting moment in Oedipus was that point when the first shepherd was summoned to divulge what he knows about the infant he was tasked to expose to die. He haltingly and fearfully admits he did not kill it, and suspensefully tells Oedipus that the child was none other than him, the son the Laius. This is the high point on which the play turns. This is the most exciting moment because, as in a detective story, it solves the mystery and from that point on, everything falls into place. Before this point, Oedipus’ life is pleasant, prosperous and righteous because he is oblivious of any wrongdoing. After this point, he becomes stained, polluted, deserving of being blinded, exiled, and detested – all because of something done in the past and beyond his control. The tragic dramas have a basic structure and formula. The tragic hero is one who is not entirely morally superior to the average man, to whom the audience can identify. He is subjected to the irrational and sometimes oppressive whims of the gods, which he cannot avoid. He suffers punishment, despite his innocence, and herein the drama revolves. However, despite his tribulations he emerges nobler and

Case Study Of A Functional Health Pattern Assessment Nursing Essay

Case Study Of A Functional Health Pattern Assessment Nursing Essay The following Functional Health Pattern assessment is based on a 65 year old Scottish woman who lives independently with her husband in their home at Happy Valley. The purpose of the interview was explained in addition to an outline of the types of questions which would be asked during the interview. A copy of the interview questions were provided prior to the interview (Appendix 1) so the questions would be familiar, and to minimise any embarrassment. The importance of maintaining her privacy and the necessity of choosing a pseudonym was discussed which she perceived as great fun. She chose Patricia as she thought it was rather a posh sounding name and one which she had always liked. At the beginning of the interview the confidentiality aspects were reiterated to which Patricia indicated verbal permission for her information to be disclosed as applicable and appropriate with due regard to her ethical and legal rights (ANMC 2008, p.4). Patricia was advised any questions which she did not feel happy answering could be skipped in order for her to feel comfortable within the interview environment. That said however, Patricia stated she was happy to discuss anything and was keen to progress the interview. Health perception/health management pattern An outline of the clients perceived pattern of health and wellbeing and how health is managed (Gordon 1994) Patricia perceives her health to be reasonably good, not 100%, but fairly good for her age. She stated she has always strived to live a healthy lifestyle and believes that her employment as a Diversional Therapist within an Aged Care facility keeps her young and fit as she walks around the facility countless times throughout the day attending to residents lifestyle needs. Patricia presents as a much younger person than her biological age and attributes this to working fulltime and walking somewhere in the vicinity of approximately 3 kilometres per day 5 days a week. The risks of developing cardiovascular disease are greatly decreased by regular exercises such as walking and aerobic activity in addition to increasing the benefits of physiological and psychological wellbeing (Crisp and Taylor 2005, p.920). Although Patricia takes medication for the management of Hypertension (High Blood Pressure), diagnosed in 2009, she feels that it is well controlled and does not impact on her ability to perform her role at work, undertake housework or participate is recreational activities with her family on weekends. When not controlled, Hypertension puts strain on the heart, damages blood vessels in the kidneys and damages the retina, resulting in a loss of vision (Herlihy 2007, p.331). As Patricia already suffers vision problems it is imperative her Hypertension is regularly monitored. Patricia regularly attends her doctor and believes it is important to adhere to any recommendation or treatment administered by the doctor. She advised she would be too scared not to do so in case something bad happened to her so she complies implicitly. Although Patricia would like to have private health insurance she feels that it is too expensive. She is satisfied with the Medicare system and believes it meets her needs adequately. The necessity of installing aids or changing any aspect of her home to increase safety or prevent accidents has not been necessary. She believes she has not come to this stage of life just yet and feels confident in her ability to manage her household as is. Nutritional metabolic pattern An outline of the clients pattern of food/fluid intake relative to metabolic need and nutrient supply (Gordon 1994) During a 24 hour period Patricia usually consumes three main meals and rarely has snacks during the day when working. She believes her job influences her eating pattern during the week as she only has a 30 minute lunch break which leaves little time for large or extended meals. In the 24 hours prior to the interview Patricia consumed cereal, herbal tea, water, yoghurt, orange juice, fruit, vegetables and muffins. During the week she feels her diet to be balanced and more than adequate. Patricia is a Vegetarian based on her religious beliefs, she has no food allergies but does modify her diet regularly based on her body image and weight fluctuations. Research suggests people who potentially suffer from a binge-eating disorder have a history of weight fluctuations and obesity (Edlin et al. 1997). On the weekend when she spends a lot of time with her family and grand children she admits she consumes more snacks, fast food and foods considered to be empty of nutritional value such as potato chips, lollies, ice cream and soft drink, particularly when in company with her grandsons. Patricia laughingly classes herself as a weekend social eater. In a recent article (Abedin 2009) indicated, adults tend to eat more when they are around friends and family than when eating with strangers. Tooth decay is primarily caused by circulatory changes, poor dietary habits and poor mouth or dental hygiene (Murray Zentner 1989, p.470) and as a result Patricia has top dentures although they do not inhibit her ability to eat nor restrict the types of food choices available to her. There have been no significant changes to her diet as she has aged due to the vegetarian menu she eats for her main meals, however she stressed that she does overeat rubbish food with her grandchildren. However, when questioned if this overeating has primarily occurred since becoming a Grandmother she sheepishly admitted it was probably a lifelong habit. Sometimes she has noticed significantly lower energy levels particularly in the afternoon but Patricia believes this to be based on the expectations of her job and possibly age rather than indications her nutritional intake is a contributing factor. When queried if her Iron and Vitamin intake were sufficient based on the fact she doesnt eat red meat Patricia stated she didnt think it caused her a problem, nor had her Doctor ever mentioned any need for additional supplements. Research has shown (Hunt 2003) people on a vegetarian diet get all the iron they need by eating iron rich foods, including legumes, green leafy vegetables and fortified breads/cereals although iron will be less available for absorption than in diets which include meat. Hunt (2003) suggests, vegetarians should consider consuming vitamin C, or citrus fruits to improve absorption ratios in order to balance out nutritional requirements. No issues were identified in terms of hair loss, increased facial hair growth, skin disorders or nail growth. Patricia maintains a regular skin regime to promote health, elasticity and prevent wrinkles. Her skin appears well hydrated. Patricias hair and nails were similarly maintained. Elimination pattern An outline of the clients pattern of excretory function in relation to the bowel and bladder (Gordon 1994) When reflecting on her voiding pattern Patricia stated she voided approximately three times per day dependent on her daily schedule and her fluid intake, and about the same amount at home in the evening. Patricia experiences no problems with bowel elimination and has never utilised suppositories, supplements or other medication for either constipation or diarrhoea. She uses her bowels twice a day and believes the amount of fruit and vegetables consumed within her diet coupled with her fibre based cereal every morning sufficiently meets her needs. Alteration in elimination patterns can sometimes indicate signs or symptoms of issues within the gastrointestinal system (Crisp and Taylor 2005, p. 1325), but this does not appear to be applicable in Patricias case. Activity exercise pattern An outline of the clients pattern of exercise, and physical activity (Gordon 1994) Exercise which keeps the heart pumping and working steadily for about 20 minutes per day improves fitness, reduces the risks of heart disease, obesity and maintains mobility (Peterson 2004, p.625). As discussed in the health perception/health management pattern Patricia walks reasonable distances during the day at her place of employment. In addition to the walking she conducts gentle Exercise Classes for the residents at the Aged Care facility twice a week. She feels she has sufficient energy to participate in, and conduct, these classes and they form the basis of her regular exercise pattern. Sleep/rest pattern An outline of the clients pattern of sleep, rest and relaxation (Gordon 1994) Patricia says she thoroughly enjoys sleeping and will generally achieve 8-9 hours per night which she thinks provides her with ample rest and recuperation from her daily activities. According to Crisp and Taylor (2005), the amount and quality of sleep decreases in the older adult, however Patricia has neither noticed nor experienced any significant change to her sleep pattern in many years. When Patricia was approximately 10 years old she used to sleep-walk but has since outgrown this problem. She states she awakens at 0300 every morning regular as clockwork to go to the bathroom but experiences little difficulty returning to sleep. Cognitive/Perception pattern An outline of the clients cognitive and sensory perceptual patterns (Gordon 1994) The average brain shrinks approximately 5-10% in weight between the ages of 20 and 90 resulting in a decrease in working memory, however, the brain can adapt and grow new cells, but this is dependant on physical activity, stimulation and learning (Santrock 2006). Patricia believes the constant mental and physical stimulation of her job keeps her brain active as evidenced by the successful completion of recent study. She is a keen crossword puzzler and novel reader which she feels supports her cognitive functions. Of the five sensors the most significant change has been to Patricias vision as she has aged. Patricia wears glasses for reading, computer work and magnification for everyday activities. She has her vision tested every three years and upgrades her eyewear as recommended by the Optometrist. Patricia has not noticed any change in her ability to smell, hear, or touch but admits to a taste change over the years from sweet to savoury flavours. Self perception/self concept pattern An outline of the clients self concept and perceptions of self in relation to body image, self worth and feeling states (Gordon 1994) Of the most interest and focus, and highlighted throughout this assessment, was Patricias image of herself. Although she states she is reasonably satisfied with her current status in life and what she has achieved for herself and her family, her perception of how she looks demonstrates issues around physical dissatisfaction, possible low self esteem and a lack of confidence in social situations. Erikson (1965) theorises maintaining a positive self image and feelings of self worth is essential in order to achieve a successful transition to old age despite changing abilities and limitations. She clearly states she doesnt feel old at 65 years however she believes her weight issues affect her ability to feel confident when she pursues recreational and social activities. Physical ideals and social stigma value a thin body, which society symbolises as peoples ability to discipline their appetite and restrain themselves from overeating (Germov 2005). Patricia states when she is at work and performing tasks which she perceives are within her capabilities she feels competent and happy within herself. It is only when she is required to enter the social arena she is faced with unhappiness and dilemma about her body image. Those who are overweight are subject to stigmatism for being different and falling outside of the social norm (Germov 2005). On occasion she will refuse to go out with friends or feels upset about her selection of clothing and fit, negatively believing she will be an embarrassment to friends and family due to her size. When she does socialize outside of her immediate family circle she tends to sit quietly and not draw attention to herself especially if the social event has a number of well dressed and slim women in attendance, and particularly if she sees them as being of a similar age bracket to herself. A thin body is viewed by society as the essence of beauty, sexual attractiveness, social status, health and occasionally moral worth (Germov Williams 2004). In recent years Patricia states although she does not perceive herself as being either old or tired she admits to using her age as an excuse to decline invitations to attend social functions based purely on the fact that she is not comfortable with her body image. Although she is eligible for a Seniors Card, which is based on age, Patricia refuses to apply for it stating adamantly that she is not old and does not like the connotations that ownership of such a card implies. She says she does not class herself as a Senior and therefore a Seniors Card is not required. When the possible benefits of the Card were discussed her prompt response was a definite, no thankyou, maybe when Im 80. Role/relationship pattern An outline of the clients pattern of relationships and role engagement (Gordon 1994) Patricia is a mother, grandmother, aunt, wife, sister, friend, employee and work colleague. She views her primary roles at this stage of her life as being a wife, grandmother and employee. She enjoys close relationships with her three daughters. Since the recent death of her only sister, her husband, children and two nieces are the only remaining family in Australia as her parents are deceased. She has no contact with distant relatives in Scotland. Patricia has a select group of friends but feels as a result of her work commitments during the week, coupled with family commitments, she has little spare time to socialise with friends. She does not belong to any social groups and mentioned that she thought social groups were a waste of her time. Murray and Zentner (1989) state some factors may inhibit older people from pursuing recreational activities based on a perceived poor usage of time, conditioning to appear busy, fears about the future and the lack of previous opportunities to pursue a hobby or new interest. Sexuality pattern An outline of the clients reproductive and sexuality pattern (Gordon 1994) At the age of 16 years old Patricia began menstruating. Patricia experienced no difficulty during her three pregnancies and has never suffered a miscarriage. Since she began menopause at the age of 45 years Patricia has experienced minimal interest in being sexually active and cites a definite loss of libido however she did indicate her sexual needs were abundantly met. Eden (2002, p.53) argues womens sexual desires fluctuate over the years with highs and lows, commonly coinciding with major life changes such as menopause. Patricia says she has a tilted uterus which causes her no problems, pain or issues during sexual intercourse. The uterus normally lies in an anteverted position with statistics showing approximately 20% of women have a retroverted or tilted uterus without experiencing any problems during their life (Andrews 2005). She experiences no embarrassment when openly discussing issues of a sexual nature, nor did she find it difficult to talk about sex education with her daughters. Patricia believes due to it being a taboo subject with her parents when growing up it has influenced her to be very open with her own children. A good health maintenance plan includes regular health screenings, including Pap Smears, self breast examination and mammograms (Leifer Harrison 2004, p.215). Patricia states she consciously adheres to preventative health measures. Coping/stress pattern An outline of the clients general stress tolerance and coping mechanisms pattern (Gordon 1994) The stress Patricia feels when she is at work relates to her supervisor who Patricia states is not as supportive as she would like. She does however have other colleagues at work with whom she can debrief as required. She cites her husband as being her primary support and states they have always talked through as a family any issues which may impact on her coping mechanisms. A recent significant stressful event was the marriage and untimely death of her only sister whilst on honeymoon and the subsequent fight over her sisters Last Will and Testament which occurred between the new husband and her nieces. Again her husband and daughters were her primary means of support during this time although she did consider accessing professional counselling. Being aware of what causes stress, how you react and having a network of support are all strategies which can help you to manage and control stressful events (Andrews 2005, p.59). Patricia feels she has accepted the outcomes from this event and moved forward. Patricia does not drink alcohol, use medication or take drugs to relieve stress but will comfort eat and compensate with food on occasion resulting in weight gain and subsequently poor body image and what she terms mild undiagnosed depression which she says never lasts for very long. Value/belief pattern An outline of the clients pattern of values, spiritual beliefs and goals determining choices or decisions (Gordon 1994) An individuals sense of spirituality can be influenced by culture, life experiences and religious beliefs (Brush 2000). Patricia is a practicing Mormon and spiritual person. Her family and faith have always been the most important part of her life. She has been married to her husband for 42 years and values her relationship with him. Recent goals have included completing a TAFE Course at age 63 years and resettling into a newly purchased home which she feels have all been guided by her faith and spiritual beliefs. She believes she has enjoyed a rewarding life and has always been a big, happy, bubbly person. As indicated in previous patterns Patricias body image pervades all patterns of her life suggesting a lowered perception of self. Conclusion Patricia presented as a reasonably healthy woman for her age. She is active and mobile, she feels healthy, her skin, hair and nails look nourished, and her living environment is clean, well maintained and comfortable. Patricia is aware of the need to maintain her health and undertakes preventative measures in order to continue her good health record. The diagnosed hypertension she experiences is appropriately monitored and medication is religiously taken and reviewed regularly. Similarly her need for glasses to assist with vision is regularly checked with her eyewear strength updated as required. She has excellent support, and gains spiritual strength, from her husband, family, friends and religious beliefs. She enjoys positive relationships with many of her work colleagues and has sourced alternative mechanisms for debriefing when work becomes stressful. The benefits of Patricias continued working lifestyle assists in her remaining physically and mentally active, slows her aging decline, provides a social aspect which she enjoys, and allows her the financial means to ensure a comfortable lifestyle. Although Patricia carries an excess amount of weight primarily at her thighs, hips and buttocks, this does not appear to detract from her general feeling of physical wellbeing although her body image and perception of herself were highlighted negatively in more than one pattern. Interestingly, when discussing her self concept pattern Patricia displayed a number of behaviours suggestive of altered self concept, i.e. avoidance of eye contact during such discussion, putting herself down, and being overly critical of her appearance (Crisp and Taylor 2005, p.500). However, Patricia believes she recognises when she needs to diet or make efforts to reduce her calorie intake and assume more restrained eating habits. Patricia states she felt comfortable throughout the interview and believes the assessment process effectively established, maintained and concluded interpersonal communication openly, and in a friendly and supportive manner (ANMC 2008). Overall Patricia felt the questions allowed her to positively reflect on her health and wellbeing status (Puentes 2002) thus, reinforcing her belief that she is aging well and maintaining her lifespan appropriately.